Plain Language Summary: Antibiotic treatment for neonatal sepsis: changing trends and future directions

Genevieve PG Fung, Kam Lun E Hon, Alexander KC Leung

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Plain Language Summary

Published

Neonatal sepsis, which is a serious infection in newborns, is a major global health crisis, causing over 550,000 newborn deaths annually. It is most common and deadly in low-income and middle-income countries. Premature infants are at the highest risk, with mortality in babies with extremely low birth weight being of over 20%. Understanding the infection […]

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Plain Language Summary: Real-world effectiveness of a phlebotonic formulation combining diosmin, Ruscus, Melilotus and Vitis vinifera on symptoms and quality of life in patients with chronic venous and lymphatic disease: results from the VIVEMA Stasis observational study

Giampiero Avruscio, Carmen Tirrito, Sonia Ragazzo, Mario Mangrella, Roberto Piazza, Erica Tanasi

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Plain Language Summary

Published

This study looked at a plant-based supplement combining diosmin, Ruscus aculeatus, Melilotus officinalis and Vitis vinifera, used alongside compression therapy in people with chronic venous and lymphatic disease. Fifty- one patients took the supplement daily for 30 days. The results showed significant improvements in quality of life, including less leg pain, better sleep and easier […]

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Plain Language Summary: Emerging concepts in HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis: focus on twice-yearly lenacapavir

Sarah L Anderson

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Plain Language Summary

Published

HIV continues to affect millions of people worldwide, and many individuals who could benefit from HIV prevention medicines (called pre-exposure prophylaxis, or PrEP) are not using them consistently. Daily pills work very well when taken regularly but many people face challenges with daily medication — such as forgetting doses, stigma or difficulty accessing healthcare services. […]

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Plain Language Summary: Ustekinumab-associated morphoea: systematic review of the literature and a real-world case

Marco Sousa, José Miguel Alvarenga, Ana Maria Lé, Tiago Torres

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Plain Language Summary

Published

What was the purpose of this study? Ustekinumab is a medicine used to treat immune-related conditions such as psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and, less commonly, Behçet disease. It works by blocking two immune proteins called IL-12 and IL-23, which play a role in inflammation. Ustekinumab is generally very safe but rare skin reactions […]

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Plain Language Summary: The convergent pathway of obstructive lung disease: the disease-modifying potential of dipeptidyl peptidase 1 inhibition in COPD, asthma and bronchiectasis overlap

Francesco Menzella, Marcello Cottini, Carlo Lombardi, Rory Chan

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Plain Language Summary

Published

The challenge: overlapping lung diseases and uncontrolled inflammation For many years, clinicians treated chronic lung diseases like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as separate problems. However, we now know that these conditions often overlap, especially with bronchiectasis — a condition where the airways are permanently damaged and widened. This overlap creates severe syndromes […]

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