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Haematology and Oncology

A paradigm shift for the treatment of hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2-) advanced breast cancer: a review of CDK inhibitors

Authors: Mariane Teodoro Fernandes MD, Jacob J Adashek BA, Carmelia Maria Noia Barreto MD, Ana Cláudia Barbin Spinosa MD, Barbara de Souza Gutierres MSc, Gilberto Lopes MD, MBA, FAMS, Auro del Giglio MD, PhD, Pedro Nazareth Aguiar Jr MD, MSc

A novel class of targeted therapy has been approved for patients with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2-) breast cancer. There are currently three approved agents, which are oral cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors. In this review, all available data is summarized, unanswered questions are highlighted, and pharmacological differences between each CDK4/6 inhibitor are discussed.

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The biosimilars journey: current status and ongoing challenges

Authors: Igor Age Kos MD, Valderílio Feijó Azevedo MD, PhD, Daniel Egg Neto, Sérgio Cândido Kowalski MD, PhD

Biosimilar products are already approved and marketed in several countries. This review focuses on remaining challenges regarding biosimilars, such as the lack of regulatory harmony, especially concerning naming, the marketed intended copies, the interchangeability, and the biosimilars in orphan diseases.

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Advances in the use of PARP inhibitor therapy for breast cancer

Authors: Kelly E McCann MD, PhD, Sara A Hurvitz MD

In the care of oncology patients, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are best known as a semitargeted treatment
for BRCA1- and BRCA2-associated ovarian and breast cancers, this article reviews the broader understanding of PARP biology that has spurred interest in expanding their clinical utility.

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Cutaneous side effects of molecularly targeted therapies for the treatment of solid tumors

Authors: Daniel I G Cubero MD, PhD, Beatrice Martinez Zugaib Abdalla MD, Jean Schoueri, Fabio Iazetti Lopes, Karine Corcione Turke, Jose Guzman MD, Auro Del Giglio MD, PhD, Carlos D’Apparecida Santos Machado Filho MD, PhD, Vanessa Salzano MD, Dolores Gonzalez Fabra MD

This article reviews the cutaneous side effects of main molecularly targeted cancer therapies for solid tumors.

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First-line alectinib for ALK-positive lung cancer: is there room for further improvement?

Authors: Alfredo Addeo MD, Giulio Metro MD

This editorial describes the therapeutic achievements in the treatment of patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

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