Reduction in inpatient resource utilization and costs associated with long-acting injectable antipsychotics across different age groups of Medicaid-insured schizophrenia patients
Article Details
Authors
Siddhesh A Kamat, Steve Offord, John Docherty, Jay Lin, Anna Eramo, Ross A Baker, Benjamin Gutierrez, Craig Karson
Article Type
Original Research
DOI
10.7573/dic.212267
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AbstractObjective: Evaluate utilization of inpatient healthcare resources and associated costs after 12 months of treatment using long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotic medications among a large sample of Medicaid-insured patients categorized by different age groups.
Method: Adult patients with schizophrenia were identified from the Thomson Reuters MarketScan Research database (1/1/2006–12/31/2010) before initiation of treatment using LAI antipsychotic agents. Utilization of inpatient healthcare resources and associated direct medical costs were compared for 12-month baseline and 12-month follow-up periods.
Results: Among 3,094 Medicaid-insured patients with schizophrenia initiating treatment with LAIs, the mean number of all-cause hospitalizations and hospitalization days were reduced by 24% and 31% (p<0.0001) compared with baseline, respectively, with similar significant reductions among all age groups (18–30, 31–40, 41–50, and 51–60 years). During 12-month follow-up with LAIs, mean reductions in all-cause costs were $4,369 (18–30 years, p<0.0001), $3,681 (31–40 years, p<0.0001), $2,051 (41–50 years, p=0.1332), and $4,492 (51–60 years, p=0.0107). Subanalyses separating first-generation and second-generation medication groups resulted in mean reduction in all-cause costs of $3,561 and $3,645, respectively.
Conclusions: Results from this large cohort study provide naturalistic real-world evidence of the utility of LAIs in patients with schizophrenia and suggest that these agents may help to reduce the risk of relapse across all age groups (especially among younger patients). Given that relapse prevention is the ultimate goal of antipsychotic treatment, results from this large Medicaid patient population establish the value of LAIs for the management of schizophrenia.
Keywords: utilization of inpatient healthcare resources, inpatient costs, long-acting injectable agents, schizophrenia, mirror study, first-generation, second-generation, naturalistic study.
Abbreviations: CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; LAI, long-acting injectable; SD, standard deviation
Citation
Kamat SA, Offord S, Docherty J, Lin J, Eramo A, Baker RA, Gutierrez B, Karson C. Reduction in inpatient resource utilization and costs associated with long-acting injectable antipsychotics across different age groups of Medicaid-insured schizophrenia patients. Drugs in Context 2015; 4: 212267. doi: 10.7573/dic.212267
Copyright
Copyright © 2015 Kamat SA, Offord S, Docherty J, Lin J, Eramo A, Baker RA, Gutierrez B, Karson C. Distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License Deed CC BY NC ND 3.0 which allows anyone to copy, distribute, and transmit the article provided it is properly attributed in the manner specified below. No commercial use without permission.
Correct attribution
Copyright © 2015 Kamat SA, Offord S, Docherty J, Lin J, Eramo A, Baker RA, Gutierrez B, Karson C. http://dx.doi.org/10.7573/dic.212267. Published by Drugs in Context under Creative Commons Attributions License Deed CC BY NC ND 3.0.
Correspondence
Siddhesh Kamat, MS, MBA, Health Economics & Outcomes Research, Otsuka America Pharmaceutical, Inc., Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA. Siddhesh.Kamat@otsuka-us.com
Provenance
Submitted, externally peer reviewed
Dates
Submitted: 24 November 2014
Revised manuscript submitted: 5 February 2015
Accepted for publication: 6 February 2015
Publication date: 17 March 2015
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